In 750-1,000 words
TOPIC: The Coca-Cola CSR Issue
Coca-Cola started it business in 1886 in Atlanta, Georgia. Dr. John Stith Pemberton was a local pharmacist who made the syrup that was teamed with soda water and sold at a local pharmacy.
By 1920 the company started expanding internationally. They first sold their products in Canada and the Caribbean, then moved into Asia, Europe, South America, and the Soviet Union. In 2005 it was pronounced the largest manufacturer and distributor or non-alcoholic beverages in the world.
In 2007 they launched a CSR campaign called “Live Positively.” The campaign established seven core areas where the company sets itself measurable goals to improve the business’s
sustainability practices. The core areas are: beverage benefits, active healthy living, the community, energy and climate, sustainable packaging, water stewardship, and the workplace. They also formed a partnership with the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and became a member of the CEO Water Mandate. Water became the company’s more important concerns.
Every year Coca-Cola publishes a report called ‘The Coca-Cola Company Annual
Report’ that comprises the company’s activities in that year. The reports describe their initiatives in water preservation and community development. Since 2011 they also publish a report every 2 years called ‘The Coca-Cola Company Sustainability Review’ that are verified by a third party, the FIRA Sustainability Ltd which gives Coca-Cola moderate reliability of the information too.
Against these efforts, Coca-Cola had several conflicts and veracity of their efforts were questioned. In 2003 the Indian NGO Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) published a report that provided evidence of the presence of pesticides in a sample of a dozen Coca-Cola and PepsiCo beverages sold in India. The a level of pesticides found was exceeding European standards. The report gained large publicity and media attention.
The Indian government started an investigation as well and carried out their own tests. The tests did show pesticides in the water, however the amount did not fail European standards. Therefore the conclusion was, that Coca-Cola did not violate any national laws.
Coca-Cola denied the accusations as well as accusations related to having over-exploited and polluted water resources.
In 750-1,000 words respond to the following:
How might Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts affect its reputation and bottom line?
What are the key issues that Coca-Cola is facing by deciding to deny the allegations?
Describe whether Coca-Cola violated any of the NCA Credo policies? Provide examples.
How should have Coca-Cola use strategic communication to effectively deal with the problem?
Use three to five scholarly resources to support your explanations.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide.
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STATISTICSPRACTICEQUIZES3AND4.docx
STATISTICS PRACTICE QUIZ 3
Question 1
A telecommunications company asserts that, according to a study they conducted, patients who have access to more cable channels during recovery from surgery are discharged sooner than those who receive only basic cable in their hospital rooms. Which of the following demonstrates clinical significance of the study?
Patients with more cable channels were discharged an average of one-half day sooner than those with fewer channels
The study used a sample size of 12
Patients with fewer cable channels requested additional nursing support an average of 3 times more during their recovery.
Patients with more cable channels tended to prefer nature and arts channels over history or news and current affairs channels
After completing the power analysis, the researchers determine they need a sample size of 400 to have adequate power in their study. After enrolling subjects, they have a lower response rate than anticipated and they only enroll 320. Inadequate enrollment may increase the risk of:
A type II error
Systematic bias
A type I error
Statistical significance
Researchers study the relationship between interpersonal violence and health in college age women. The researchers examined the average score on a psychological distress scale and compared the score for abused versus non-abused women. If the researchers report a statistically significant difference and are incorrect about this conclusion what type of error could it be?
A type I error
A type II error
A clinical error
An error of omission
Question 4
Researchers studied the relationship between Vitamin B12 consumption and hair growth and report a p value of 0.56. The study was a pilot study with an alpha of 0.10. You know this means:
There is no statistically significant relationship between Vitamin B12 consumption and hair growth.
Vitamin B12 consumption is association with a 56% increase in hair growth.
The sample size was too small and a type I error was made
There is a statistically significant relationship between Vitamin B12 consumption and hair growth.
Researchers study the relationship between interpersonal violence and health in college age women. They selected an alpha of 0.05. The researchers examined the average score on a psychological distress scale and compared the score for abused versus non-abused women. A p value of 0.016 is reported. Based on this information, you know:
There is a statistically significant difference in the average psychological distress score
This is a clinically significant result
There is no significant difference in the average psychological distress score.
In this study women who were abused were statistically more likely to report psychological distress.
A study reports that administering vancomycin incorrectly is associated with red man syndrome. You know this means:
The p value is less than alpha
A type I error was made in administering the medication
The p value was larger than the alpha
The null hypothesis was accepted
Question 7
The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis given that it is true describes the:
Alpha level
Sample size
Power
Effect size
What does a Z-score of 2.5 indicate?
The observation is 2.5 standard deviations above the mean.
The p-value is closer to 0 than 1
The test results do not conform to a normal distribution.
The alpha level is 0.025
Question 9
How is the actual effect size in a population usually determined?
It must be estimated based on the best literature available.
Multiply the projected effect size by the standard deviation in the control group
Divide the difference between the mean in the experimental group and the mean in the control group by the standard deviation of the experimental group
It is estimated based on the anticipated effect size relative to power.
What is the purpose of hypothesis testing?
It determines whether a hypothesis is true
It helps the researcher to develop a null hypothesis
It helps rule out an alternative hypothesis
It determines whether a hypothesis is clinically significant
You know the following is true when conducting a hypothesis test
You should determine your significance level or alpha before conducting your statistical test.
Your significance level is higher when your p value is higher.
Your decision is an error if the p value is greater than alpha
When you conduct your statistical analysis, you should adjust your significance level to ensure you achieve statistical significance.
A study reports that synthetic marijuana use is associated with altered mental status and tachycardia. You know this means:
There was adequate power to detect a difference
There was an inadequate sample size
A type I error occurred
A type II error occurred
Why would a researcher choose a large sample size?
The anticipated effect size is small
The beta is large
The anticipated budget is large
The alpha is small
The researcher examines the relationship between hours of sleep and average test scores and reports an r=0.56, p=0.02. You know this means:
All of the answers are correct
There is a statistically significant correlation between sleep and test scores
There is a strong positive relationship between the variables
As hours of sleep increase average test scores do as well
Question 15
A study examines the relationship between total years of educational preparation and total score on a cultural competency exam among a group of 987 randomly selected nurses at your hospital. What test would be appropriate to determine if there is an association?
Pearson’s correlation
Independent t test
Dependent t test
ANOVA
STATISTICS PRACTICE QUIZ 4
Question 1
Inferential statistics involves a process of applying probabilities to:
Variables
Percentiles
Outcomes
Relative frequencies
A researcher wants to examine the relationship between age in years and the engagement score (0-100) for 700 nurses enrolled in an online degree program. What test would you recommend she utilize?
Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient
T test for independent groups
Logistical regression
ANOVA
Question 3
You have five groups using different exercise techniques and you want to compare the average number of pounds lost. What statistical test would be appropriate?
ANOVA
T test
Pearson’s Correlation Coeffficient
Chi-square
Which of the following assumptions is most important when using ANOVA?
The dependent variable must be at the interval or ratio level
Samples must be dependent
The sample must have normal distribution
There must be homogeneity of variance
1. A researcher wants to compare the mean engagement score for nurses enrolled in 3 different online degree programs (DNP/MSN/ BSN). What test would you recommend he/she utilize?
ANOVA
T test for independent groups
Logistic regression
Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient
Question 61 pts
You are trying to determine if there is a significant difference in the mean Glasgow coma scale score for patients who are seen with a head injury during the day, evening and night shifts in your emergency room. Your ANOVA results have an F value of 22.33 and a p value of <0.01. You know this means:
There is a significant difference in the mean Glasgow coma scale score for patients seen with a head injury on the three different shifts.
There is NOT significant difference in the mean Glasgow coma scale score for patients seen with a head injury on the three different shifts
A type I error was made.
A Type II error was made
You are trying to determine if there is a significant difference in the mean age between patients who have developed a nosocomial infection in your hospital (N=312) and those who have not (N=4,673). What would be an appropriate test to use?
T test for independent groups
T test for dependent groups
Chi-square
Pearsons’s Correlation Coefficient
You have measured the performance of 10 participants in a memory test before and after they underwent a new computerized teaching method to improve memory. In order to determine if the computer training improved their memory performance, which type of test can you use?
Dependent t test
Independent t test
Levene’s test
Probability test
A researcher wishes to determine if there is a difference in the average flexibility test score for female athletes and the average flexibility test score for their best friends. An appropriate test to utilize would be:
T test for dependent groups
T test for independent groups
Chi-square
ANOVA
For which of the following variables is a Student t test appropriate?
Temperature
City of residence
Hair color
Grade of severity (1-5)
A study with 890 subjects examines shift worked (day/night) and back injuries (yes/no). An appropriate test to use would be:
Chi-square
Independent t test
ANOVA
T test for dependent groups
A study examines the relationship between being a registered nurse (yes/no) and passing a cultural competency exam (yes/no) among a group of 987 randomly selected employees at your hospital. What test would be appropriate to determine if there is an association?
Chi-square
Independent t test
Pearson’s correlation
McNemar’s test
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USEFUL NOTES FOR:
How might Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts affect its reputation and bottom line?
Introduction
Coca-Cola is one of the world’s most recognizable brands. It’s also one of the largest producers and marketers of beverages, with more than $70 billion in revenue as reported by Fortune. The company has a reputation for being generous with its philanthropic efforts; it has donated billions to charity over its long history, including $20 million toward relief efforts following Hurricane Harvey in 2017. So when Coca-Cola announced plans earlier this year to become carbon neutral by 2040 and launch an initiative aimed at reducing plastic consumption worldwide—including eliminating single-use plastic bags from all stores by 2025—it was clear that this was something different from other companies’ sustainability initiatives: It involved both tangible changes (such as using recycled water) and symbolic ones (such as partnering with nonprofits who work on recycling food waste).
How might Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts affect its reputation and bottom line?
Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts may affect its reputation.
Coca-Cola has a long history of being one of the world’s most widely recognized brands, but there are signs that it could be losing some of that recognition. For example, in 2018 a survey found that only 23% of Americans knew who was responsible for creating Coca-Cola and only 20% could identify any specific corporate values or initiatives. In addition, a study by Brand Finance concluded that Coca-Cola ranked 19th out of 20 largest global brands (behind Peugeot), with an average score on their “Corporate Responsibility Index” (CRIV) ranking at 35 out of 100 points—less than half as high as top performing companies like Apple or IBM!
How Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts may affect its reputation
You might think that Coke will have a negative impact on its reputation, but the opposite is true. It will actually improve its reputation by taking on this CSR initiative.
One way that Coca-Cola is changing its image is by partnering with NGOs like Oxfam and CARE International for clean water initiatives in Africa and elsewhere. These organizations are doing great work, but you can bet that when people see them partnering with Coca-Cola, they’ll think twice about drinking it again! That’s what we love about our product—it plays both sides of the fence when it comes to social issues: we support good causes like these while also making sure our customers get what they want out of life (and their drinks).
How Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts may affect its bottom line
Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts may be good for its bottom line.
Coca-Cola has a long history of doing good things, but it can also be difficult to separate the good from the bad. In fact, if you look at Coca-Cola through this lens, you will see that their social responsibility efforts have not always been consistent or effective. They have made some progress over time, but they still have work to do in terms of being transparent and accountable with how they’re using their products and resources around the world.
Coca-Cola has the capital to give back in a big way.
Coca-Cola has the capital to give back in a big way. The company is one of the largest worldwide, and its annual sales are almost $17 billion—more than McDonald’s or Starbucks.
Coca-Cola’s CSR efforts are helping to position it as an ethical business that cares about its employees and customers alike, which can only be good for its bottom line. It also helps Coca-Cola build up goodwill among consumers who may not have been familiar with its charitable work before this campaign began—or might have even forgotten about it entirely!
Conclusion
Coca-Cola has the capital to give back in a big way. The company’s CSR efforts already have made it a leader in social good, and we expect that trend will continue. This is important because Coca-Cola is so much more than a beverage company—it’s an icon of American business culture. By promoting its brand as a force for good, Coca-Cola can help shape public opinion about the importance of corporate responsibility and set an example for other companies. We’re excited to see what comes next from this powerful brand!