Learning Outcomes

After satisfactorily completing this course, you will have demonstrated the ability to:

1. Analyze the link between the history of education and the historical evolution of curriculum and instruction in American schools to the historical and global events of the time.

2. Interpret the legal and judicial issues, both at the national and state level and the economics and politics of schooling.

3. Examine significant social and cultural challenges emerging in the historical evolution of schools in the United States.

Course Reflection Template

Summary of Learnings (This is a Level 1 Heading – Delete from Heading)

This section should provide a summary of the learnings in a few (1-3) paragraphs. Your full body of paper should be at least 1-2 pages (this does not include your cover page, and references, if applicable) and should be double spaced. Keep writing to ensure that your reader has a thorough understanding of what you learned in the course. You can refer to the course description in the Learning Contract or Course Catalog as well here! To reach for an exemplary you can support this section with sources and include in text citations.

Let’s talk about in-text citation. Anytime you summarize what someone else has said, you must always include the author’s last name and year either in the text narration (see next paragraph) or in parentheses at the end. Most in-text citations should look something like this, with the period after the parentheses (Ramirez, 2017). If you include any direct quotes from someone else, include the author’s last name, year, and page number in parentheses at the end. “Here is an example” (Ramirez, 2017, p. 26). If a work has two authors, the in-text citation will include both authors’ last names and the y ear, like this: (Smith & Ofori, 2021). If a work has three or more authors, the in-text citation includes only the first author’s last name and then “et al.,” like this: (Stein et al., 2019).

If you would rather not have so many parentheses breaking up the flow of your text, you can also work the in-text citation into what you are writing with a narrative in-text citation. For example, you can explain in your narration how Pavlov et al. (2019, p. 5) are known for their research into classical conditioning with animals, while Skinner and Ferster (1957) studied reinforcement of behavior in children. Cole and Ankara (2021) encourage writers to notice how when you use the parenthetical in-text citation you used “&” but when you use a narrative in-text citation, you use “and.”

The purpose of in-text citations is so your reader can find the correct source in your References, so if you include any authors or titles in-text, they must match up with a corresponding citation in your References. No “orphan” in-text citations!

Objective 1

This section should identify and summarize the first objective. This section should include at least one in-depth paragraph. Remember, you are discussing the learning behind the objective, not just stating what the objective is! Think about what you personally gained from this objective, and how you got there (specific assignments, discussions, course nights/Modules). Be reflective on your own learning, how does this learning impact you? What did you learn about yourself and the world around you? You may want to support this section with sources and include in text citations.

If you want to include quotes, remember to introduce quotations with who said it and/or why it’s important. You should include direct quotes sparingly and otherwise paraphrase the source with an in-text citation. Make sure quotes fit seamlessly in your paper. Include short quotations (40 words or less) in-text with quotation marks. For example, Myers (2020) emphasized, “You can do this literature review – you will rock it!” (p. 16). Use ellipsis (…) when omitting sections from a quote and use four periods (….) (i.e., an ellipsis plus the period) if omitting the end section of a quote. For example, Myers (2020) highlighted, “You have progressed so far in your competency for reading, understanding, and analyzing scholarly literature…creating your capstone project will be a piece of cake” (p. 21).

This is a longer quote, which is 40 or more words. Indent the quote a half-inch from the left margin and double-space it with no quotation marks. To get the right format, just click on “Quote” in the Styles area on the Word frame above. In parentheses, include the author’s last name, year, and page number at the end, but no period (Smith, 2017, p. 45)

After you finish your quote (above), you will return to your formatting by no longer indenting the paragraph, although you will indent the first line of your paragraph as is done here.

Objective 2

This section should identify and summarize the second objective. This section should include at least one in-depth paragraph. Remember, you are discussing the learning behind the objective, not just stating what the objective is! Think about what you personally gained from this objective, and how you got there (specific assignments, discussions, course nights/Modules). Be reflective on your own learning, how does this learning impact you? What did you learn about yourself and the world around you?

Objective 3

This section should identify and summarize the third objective. This section should include at least one in-depth paragraph. Remember, you are discussing the learning behind the objective, not just stating what the objective is! Think about what you personally gained from this objective, and how you got there (specific assignments, discussions, course nights/Modules). Be reflective on your own learning, how does this learning impact you? What did you learn about yourself and the world around you? If there is a fourth objective, follow the examples above to create that section.

Conclusion

Briefly summarize your learning. Ensure that you reflect the most salient information from each of your objectives here. Be sure to describe how you plan on using your learning going forward.

References

American Psychological Association. (year). Article title: Capital letter also for subtitle. Name of Journal, volume#(issue#), pg#-pg#.