Please name the characteristics of the three types of muscles Please explain the following characteristics in a muscle: Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity What is epimysiu

Dear Students:

 

Please answer the following questions:

 

1.- Please name the characteristics of the three types of muscles.

 

2.- Please explain the following characteristics in a muscle: Excitability, Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity.

 

3.- What is epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium?

 

4.- a) Please explain what is sarcomere?

b) Thin filaments contain: __________________________________

 

5.- Please explain the sliding – filament theory.

 

6.- a) Why are important the intercalated discs or Gap junctions in the myocardium?

b) Please explain the blood flow through the heart and the lungs, naming all the structures.

 

7.- a) Why are important the Sinoatrial node (SA), and the Atrioventricular node (AV)?

b) What means systole and diastole in cardiac cycle?

 

8.- Please explain the following concepts: automaticity, cardiac output, stroke volume, and ejection fraction.

 

9.- a) Please name the branches of the aortic arch.

b) Please name the branches of the celiac trunk.

 

10.- a) Please name the parts of the aorta.

b) Please name the blood vessels that bring blood to the liver.

USEFUL NOTES FOR:

1.- Please name the characteristics of the three types of muscles.

Introduction

Skeletal muscle is the most common type of muscle in the human body. It’s responsible for locomotion, breathing and digestion. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and plays a role in pumping blood around your body. Smooth muscle is found throughout your digestive tract, lungs and other organs like stomachs and intestines.

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle is a type of muscle that is attached to bones by tendons. The word skeletal comes from the Latin word “skeletum”, which means “an articulated skeleton”.

Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles, which means that they can be controlled by the brain. In other words, you have to think about moving your arm or leg when you want it to move. When we do this task (such as lifting weights or holding a pen), skeletal muscles are activated so they contract and cause movement in whatever direction we want them to go

Cardiac Muscle

Cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart, where it controls both its automatic rhythm and contractility. It has a regular pattern of bands of myofibrils separated by interstitial tissue, which makes it easy to identify.

Cardiac muscle fibers are organized into bundles called sarcomeres that are connected together by thick filaments called actin filaments (see Figure 2). Each sarcomere contains two types of proteins: myosin and actin. Myosin molecules cause contraction when activated by calcium ions released from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during contraction; they also assist in making ATP from ADP molecules released from mitochondria during contraction via chemiosmosis within one sarcomere line at a time

Smooth Muscle

Smooth muscle is found in the walls of blood vessels, digestive tract and urinary tract. It’s involuntary and not controlled by the brain.

Smooth muscle is also called visceral muscle because it surrounds internal organs like the heart, liver and intestines.

Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and smooth muscle.

Skeletal muscle is striated, which means the fibers are arranged in parallel. This means that there are alternating bands of fast and slow twitch fibers making up your skeletal muscles.

Cardiac muscle is striated but not voluntary or involuntary like skeletal muscle. It’s linked to the heart so during exercise it contracts in order to pump blood around your body faster when needed by increasing efficiency/power output (the heart rate).

Conclusion

The three types of muscle are skeletal, cardiac and smooth. They all have different functions and can be found in different places in the body. A person should know the difference between these muscles because it helps them to understand more about their own body.